Freud’s work took place at a particular contextual time and place – the sexually repressive context of nineteenth-century middle-class Vienna. His views were seen as radical at the time, as they challenged the prevailing assumptions about the nature of personality and psychological suffering. His ideas have become part of Western cultural heritage. However, Freud’s theories have been criticized widely, the most frequent being that they are not scientific (Eysenck and Wilson 1973, Steele 1982 and Sutherland 1998). Read the rest of this entry »