Posts Tagged ‘Locus of Control’
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JOB CONTROL AND STRAINS
Posted by admin in Health Psychology on June 23rd, 2009
Research remains divided over the issue of whether job control acts as a buffer or not.Terry& Jimmieson (1999) extensively reviewed this literature and concluded that the majority of both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies found little support for the interaction in predicting employee adjustment (as measured by job satisfaction, for example). They conclude, perhaps surprisingly, that the strongest support for the interaction is based on studies using objective indicators of job features and/or strains (e.g. Dwyer & Ganster, 1991; Fox et al., 1993). Some support has also been found in studies using experimental methods (Perrewe & Ganster, 1989), suggesting that control may buffer the effects of the demands of specific work tasks. Research looking at cardiovascular outcomes has seldom directly tested the interaction effect, but where it does, Terry & Jimmieson conclude that the findings have generally not been significant. Read the rest of this entry »
VULNERABLE VERSUS RESILIENT PERSONS
Posted by admin in Health Psychology on June 23rd, 2009
Beliefs about the World and One’s Relationship to it
Hardly anyone doubts that characteristics of the person strongly influence whether events and circumstances are perceived as stressful, howpeople cope with them, howthey deal with failures in coping, etc. (e.g. Cohen & Edwards, 1989; Cooper & Payne, 1991; Costa et al., 1996). The aspects to be discussed in this section are not specific coping styles but rather more general characteristics which often are thought to co-determine the more proximal coping behaviours. As the heading indicates, these characteristics typically involve beliefs about the world and one’s relationship with it, especially one’s possibilities to deal with it. Candidates for this kind of variables range from very broad ones such as hardiness (e.g. Kobasa, 1988) or sense of coherence (Antonovsky, 1991, 1993) to more specific ones such as explanatory style (Peterson & Seligman, 1984), locus of control (Rotter, 1966), selfefficacy (Bandura, 1989, 1992), optimism (Scheier & Carver, 1992, 1999), and self-esteem (Brockner, 1988; Mossholder et al., 1981; see also Hobfoll, 2001, Jerusalem & Schwarzer, 1992; Lazarus & Folkman, 1984). Finally, although it involves more than beliefs, hostility is a central concept here (cf. Siegman, 1994a). Read the rest of this entry »